Definition of Postzygotic Isolation in Evolution

Meaning of Postzygotic Isolation in Evolution Speciation is the disparity of at least two ancestries from a typical progenitor. For speciation to happen, there must be some conceptive detachment that happens between previously duplicating individuals from the first precursor species. While the greater part of these conceptive segregations are prezygotic disengagements, there are still a few sorts of postzygotic confinement that prompts ensuring the recently made species remain isolate and don't join back together. Before the postzygotic detachment can occur, there must be a posterity conceived from a male and female of two distinct species. This implies there were no prezygotic seclusions, similar to the fitting together of the sex organs or incongruence of the gametes or contrasts in mating ceremonies or areas, that kept the species in regenerative segregation. When the sperm and the egg intertwine during treatment in ​sexual propagation, a diploid zygote is created. The zygote at that point proceeds to form into the posterity that is conceived and ideally will at that point become a practical grown-up. Nonetheless, posterity of two distinct species (known as a cross breed) are not generally practical. Some of the time they will self-prematurely end before being conceived. Different occasions, they will be debilitated or feeble as they create. Regardless of whether they make it to adulthood, a cross breed will no doubt be not able to deliver its posterity and in this way strengthen the idea that the two species are progressively fit to their surroundings as isolated species as common choice chips away at the half breeds. The following are the various sorts of postzygotic confinement instruments that fortify the possibility that the two species that made the half and half are in an ideal situation as independent species and should proceed with advancement on their own ways. The Zygote Is Not Viable Regardless of whether the sperm and the egg from the two separate species can intertwine during treatment, that doesn't mean the zygote will endure. The contrary qualities of the gametes might be a result of the quantity of chromosomes every species has or how those gametes are shaped during meiosis. A half breed of two species that don't have perfect chromosomes fit as a fiddle, size, or number will frequently self-prematurely end or not make it to full term. In the event that the half breed figures out how to make it to birth, it frequently has at any rate one, and almost certain various imperfections that shield it from turning into a solid, working grown-up that can replicate and go down its qualities to the people to come. Regular determination guarantees that solitary the people with ideal adjustments endure sufficiently long to duplicate. Along these lines, if the half and half structure isn't sufficiently able to endure sufficiently long to repeat, it strengthens the possibility that the two species should remain independent. Grown-ups of the Hybrid Species Are Not Viable On the off chance that the mixture can make due through the zygote and early life stages, it will end up being a grown-up. In any case, it doesn't imply that it will flourish once it arrives at adulthood. Half breeds are frequently not appropriate for their condition the manner in which an unadulterated animal groups would be. They may experience difficulty going after assets, for example, food and haven. Without the necessities of continuing life, the grown-up would not be feasible in its condition. By and by, this puts the cross breed at an unmistakable burden development savvy, and normal choice strides in to address the circumstance. People that are not practical and not alluring will in all probability not recreate and go down its qualities to its posterity. This, once more, fortifies the possibility of speciation and keeping the genealogies on the tree of life veering off. Grown-ups of the Hybrid Species Are Not Fertile Despite the fact that half and halves are not common for all species in nature, there are numerous crossovers out there that were practical zygotes and even reasonable grown-ups. Nonetheless, most creature half and halves are sterile at adulthood. A considerable lot of these half and halves have chromosome incongruencies that make them sterile. So despite the fact that they endure advancement and are sufficiently able to make it to adulthood, they can't replicate and go down their qualities to the people to come. Since, in nature, wellness is dictated by the quantity of posterity an individual deserts and the qualities are passed on, cross breeds are normally viewed as unfit since they can't go down their qualities. Most kinds of cross breeds must be made by the mating of two unique species rather than two half and halves creating their own posterity of their species. For example, a donkey is a half and half of a jackass and a pony. In any case, donkeys are sterile and can't deliver posterity, so the best way to make more donkeys is to mate more jackasses and ponies.

The Gulf War - An Environmental Disaster Essay -- Exploratory Essays R

While militarily, the Gulf War of 1990-91 appeared to be a speedy and definitive triumph, it was an ecological fiasco, both at that point and while thinking about the remaining effects. Ecological crimes were carried out by both the Iraqi attacker and the associated powers, extending from utilization of minerals like drained uranium in weapons to ponder dumping of oil into the Gulf. Oil flames and spills severy affected all types of life, generally unmistakable in the Gulf district, however with conceivable worldwide ramifications. Human wellbeing, untamed life, normal assets and biological systems were all antagonistically affected by moves made and not taken by the two sides of the contention. Debate over where the oil that spilled into the Persian Gulf in the early long stretches of 1991 originated from still exists, however the reality remains that around 10 million barrels of oil were in the long run released into the Gulf. This sum is around multiple times that spilled in the Exxon Valdez catastrophe, and was past any already comprehensible extension. Both Saddam Hussein’s armed force and Coalition powers asserted that the other had accomplished more to unleash ruin on the Gulf condition by discharging oil into the Gulf. In actuality, the two belligerents in the contention harmed the earth and for the most part the harm was superfluous. The US military blamed Saddam Hussein’s powers for discharging a lot of oil from the Sea Island Terminal in Kuwait by dynamiting the station toward the start of the air war. At long last, around 6 million barrels spilled out of Sea Island into the Gulf (Hawley, p 46). Iraqi harm of oil ports are likewise refered to as well springs of the spill. Noteworthy sums were additionally discharged into the Gulf by Coalition assaults on oil big haulers positioned in the Gulf. One big hauler... ...ve universal network and afterward by actualizing increasingly rigid laws that would make demolition of the earth without extreme repercussions unthinkable. Catalog:  Clark, Ramsey The Fire This Time (New York: Thunder’s Mouth Press, 1992)  Natural News Service Iraqi Environment Defenseless Before Warring Forces (Electronic source: March 24, 2003)  Kirby, Alex Gulf condition faces more regrettable dangers (BBC online news: March 14, 2003)  Lash, Jonathan Reflections on War and the Environment (MSNBC.com talk with: January 10, 2003  Toll, B. furthermore, Sidel, V. eds. War and Public Health (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997)  Loretz, John The Animal Victims of the Gulf War (PSR Quarterly, 1991)  UN Environment Program Air contamination from Baghdad fires presents dangers for human wellbeing and the earth (Press discharge, March 30, 2003)

Middle East- is there a wayout essays

Center East-is there a wayout papers THE MIDDLE EAST A RIDDLE WITHOUT SOLUTION Kazimierz. The spot in Cracow where Jews and Christians had lived respectively in agreement for the past four and a half hundreds of years. Where unfathomable wretchedness dominated, where right up 'til the present time you can nearly hear the startling staccato clatter of Nazi jackboots over the old cobbles. The Jewish individuals so satisfied with their opportunity yet at the same time bound to battle their tensions and bad dreams. Having had enough of mistreatment they were at last permitted serene and prosperous lives in one of Cracows regions. Israel. The spot in the Middle East where there is no single moment of security or help. Where each snapshot of quietness cautions of an unfortunate occasion to come. A little sixteen-year-old Palestinian young lady is heading off to a shop with explosives under her dress to comit self destruction for the sake of the opportunity of her country and to kill and disfigure her countries oppressors. Israel was established in 1948 on previous Palestinian domains which were British control as an ordered region. Generous Britain, identifying with the Jews, assisted with settling them in the Middle Eastern desert. England and the USA observed gladly as their offspring worked the wonder and made the desert sprout, never halting to ask: Whose desert right? Who gave them the option to make an Arabic country to a great extent landless? They were so liberal in administering somebody elses land. The Jewish country has consistently been glad for their meandering itinerant legacy. Because of the reality they flourish in all aspects of the world; so for what reason would they say they were not given a piece of Alaska or a piece of Northern Ireland? Since two incredible nations could make liberal benefactors of themselves while embarrassing the nearby Moslem populace. They even allowed the Jews Jerusalem which is likewise a sacred city of Islam. It was basically advantageous for them. No sooner had the autonomy of Israel been anounced than agitation broke... <!

Ancient Greek Science and Astronomy - 2201 Words

The Ancient Greek culture has had such an impact on the world that no matter where you look you re sure to find something Greek about it. Out of all the areas that the Greek culture is famous for there are two that tend to exert themselves into our own culture even today. That would be their Science and Astronomy fields. If one were to look up in a library books about ancient Greek science and astronomy they would have a mountain of books to sift through. There seem to be so many individuals who have contributed towards the great scientific and astronomic revelations that the list of names seems to go on and on. Many of the theories that were structured in the ancient Greek culture are still put to use today. The goal of†¦show more content†¦One example of Pythagoras s feelings of personality towards numbers was the number Ten (10). He insisted it was quot;the very bestquot; number because it contained the first four integers - one, two, three, and four [1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10]. When written in dot notation these numbers formed a perfect triangle. Taken directly from Thomas Heath who was a civil servant and also one of the leading world experts on the history of mathematics is a list of theorems attributed to Pythagoras and his followers: (i) The sum of the angles of a triangle is equal to two right angles. Also the Pythagoreans knew the generalization, which states that a polygon with n sides has sum of interior angles 2n - 4 right angles and sum of exterior angles equal to four right angles. (ii) The theorem of Pythagoras - for a right-angled triangle the square on the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares on the other two sides. We should note here that to Pythagoras the square on the hypotenuse would certainly not be thought of as a number multiplied by itself, but rather as a geometrical square constructed on the side. To say that the sum of two squares is equal to a third square meant that the two squares could be cut up and reassembled to form a square identical to the third square. (iii) Constructing figures of a given area and geometrical algebra. For example they solved equations such as a (a - x) = x2 by geometrical means. (iv) TheShow MoreRelatedScientific and Mathematical Contributions of Ancient Greece, China, and India1112 Words   |  4 Pages Our advancements in science and mathematics are typically overlooked in todays society. We take the growth of these fields for granted, but we never really think about who developed these ideas, why they did this, or how it has affected where we are today. The truth is, we have inherited all of our scientific and mathematical skills and theories from ancient civilizations. Ancient Greece is often known for its strong advancements in philosophy. Ancient China is most well known for its inventionsRead MoreContributions of Greek Civilization to Western Civilization825 Words   |  4 PagesAlejandra Fraguada Ancient amp; Medieval Western Civilization Contributions of Greek Civilization to Western Civilization. Ancient Greeks made many influential contributions to western civilization such as in the areas of philosophy, art and architecture, math and science. These contributions, which are also the achievements of ancient Greece, include certain things in the areas of philosophy, art, architecture, math and science. The ancient Greeks were a remarkable civilization in thatRead MoreA Critical Review of the Introduction (pp.xi-xvi) to Cumont, Franz, Astrology Among The Greeks and Romans, New York: Dover Publications 1960 (1911)1092 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Franz Cumont’s introduction in Astrology and Religion Among The Greek and Romans, the Dover 1960 edition of the unabridged and unaltered original work published, by G P Putnam in 1912, is aimed at the general historical and theological audience. On reading Franz Cumont introduction it is obvious he is scathing in his comments towards the practise of astrology. Along with his contempt of the continuing growth in the belief of astrology and how, throughout humankindRead MoreGreece s Impact On The World1335 Words   |  6 PagesA Blast From the Past The way to better the world is to go back to the past and learn the ways of those who came before and learned from their mistakes; sort of like time traveling. When going back in time and comparing the ancient civilizations of Rome and Greece to today, the root of our knowledge is greatly influenced on the minds who have lived at that time. Some may ask which civilization had the most impact on United States and the world? Many would say that the Romans had the most impactRead MoreGreece s Impact On The World1360 Words   |  6 PagesA Blast From the Past The way to better the world is to go back to the past and learn the ways of those who came before and learned from their mistakes; sort of like time traveling. When going back in time and comparing the ancient civilizations of Rome and Greece to today, the root of our knowledge are greatly influenced on the minds who have lived at that time. Some may ask which civilization had the most impact on United States and the world? Many would say that the Romans had the most impactRead MoreEver since the beginning of time there have been stars. Not only stars in the sky, but moons,1700 Words   |  7 Pagesgalaxies! Astronomy is defined as the branch of science that deals with celestial objects, space, and the physical universe as a whole. In other words it is the study of space, planets, and stars. Throughout the ages, many people have used astronomy to help them learn about the universe, our own planet, and even make predictions about life itself. Understanding astronomy means understan ding where it originated, the different groups/cultures that used it, and modern purposes of the science of the starsRead MoreGreek Philosophy And The Greek Creation1593 Words   |  7 Pages The word â€Å"philosophy†, comes from the Ancient Greek word (Phileo), meaning â€Å"to love† or â€Å"to befriend† and (Sophia), meaning â€Å"wisdom†; making philosophy stand for â€Å"the love of wisdom†. Philosophy is about understanding the fundamental truths about ourselves, the world in which we live in, and our relationships to the world and amongst each other. It is the study of general problems connected with existence, values, language, and mind. Those who study philosophy (philosophers), engage in askingRead MoreGreek Contributions Essay1482 Words   |  6 PagesMajor Greek contributions include astronomy, optics, and acoustics, along with major advances in mathematics. Science in ancient Greece was based on logical thinking and mathema tics. The Greeks were very interested to know about the world, the heavens, and themselves. Greek geniuses were articulate thinkers. (Pg. 55, Society and Technological Change) The Greek philosophers were very much drawn to mathematics. They invented its generality, analyzed its premises, and made notable discoveriesRead MoreAncient Greek Astronomy Essay1538 Words   |  7 PagesAncient Greek Astronomy Since the first Egyptian farmers discovered the annual reappearance of Sirius just before dawn a few days before the yearly rising of the Nile, ancient civilizations around the Mediterranean have sought to explain the movements of the heavens as a sort of calendar to help guide them conduct earthly activities. Counting phases of the moon or observing the annual variations of day length could, after many years collection of observations, serve as vital indicators for plantingRead MoreA Comparison of Great Scientists in History Essay1063 Words   |  5 PagesSocrates was an Ancient Greek philosopher who lived from 469-399 B.C. Much of what he knew he learned from another famous Ancient Greek philosopher, Plato. Concerning logic and human behavior in general, â€Å"Socrates’ life was inspired by discussion and debate with both the young of Athens and the leading philosophers of his day† (Daintith, Vol. 9 93). He introduced methodical and ordered thinking. Socrates is q uoted as having said, â€Å"It seemed to me a superlative thing to know the explanation of

Confederate Generals of the Civil War

School Dress Code And Anti Dress Codes Essay - 855 Words

Students have been affected by dress codes for many years. Others, for better or for worse, never had to deal with them. It has been debated for years between parents, students, and school systems alike as to whether or not dress codes are appropriate to enforce. This essay will summarize, make an argument, and analyze Krystal Miller’s article on this subject, titled, â€Å"School Dress Codes†. â€Å"School Dress Codes† is a 1990 article about the issues surrounding various city’s experiences with enforcing a school dress code. In the article, four different high schools in Detroit are examined, as well as a school in Baltimore, Chicago, and Los Angeles. Depositions from both pro-dress code and anti-dress code persons are included. The opposing end includes Mary Louise Starks, who is in charge of the psychological services for the Detroit school system and says dress codes are not the solution to the violence, â€Å"A dress code is a temporary measu re that is limited in scope. Students are committing these crimes because they don’t have a sense of power and self-esteem. They steal from their peers to gain control over another person† (qtd. in Miller 87). An example of a pro-dress code student from the article is 17-year-old Jonathon Johns, a senior at Dunbar High School in Baltimore, who says, â€Å"Violence isn’t as bad as it was. There’s no way to prove it’s all due to the dress code, but I feel it’s had a big impact† (qtd. in Miller 87). There are several testimonies andShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Speech On School Dress Code1316 Words   |  6 Pagesof speech and expression. Schools have been violating this law in the place of school dress codes. There should not be a dress code in school because it violates the first amendment, they do not support creativity and they are expensive. Dress codes violate the first amendment. Students should have the ability to express themselves as it is their right to do so, but schools are prohibiting them from being able to express themselves. In the article Are Student Dress Codes a Violation of Civil RightsRead MoreDress Codes1271 Words   |  6 PagesThe Importance of Dress Codes Dress codes have been in effect, in all walks of life, for decades upon decades. Dress codes dictate what is, and what is not appropriate to wear in that location. Business attire, school dress codes, and uniforms are all great examples of standards for dressing. The terms that identify what is attire is acceptable changes based on culture, the media, and fashion trends, but have those terms become too blurred? It seems that everyday in the United States peopleRead MorePerceptions Of Dress Codes On Academic Performance And Student Behavior Essay1387 Words   |  6 Pages Perceptions of Dress Codes Impact on Academic Performance and Student Behavior EDR610 Course Final Northern Arizona University Flagstaff, Arizona The purpose of this case study is to further understand the relationship between student academic achievement and behavior and school dress codes. This study is being undertaken because the implementation of dress codes and school uniforms has never been more contentious in America today. Some schools see inconsistent results in termsRead MoreHow Dress Code Takes Meaning And Life Out Of Clothes1246 Words   |  5 Pages Con Dress Code â€Å"Clothes mean nothing until someone lives in them.† A quote from Marc Jacobs. So as you listen to the this speech think about what that means and how dress code takes meaning and life out of clothes. Fashion is a personal art you can tell what people like to do, eat, watch, and play when you look at their clothing. If you were wearing a Marshall sweatshirt and I didn t know you I would immediately know that you most likely go to marshall, root for marshall, andRead MoreSchool Uniforms Should Be Banned902 Words   |  4 PagesSchool uniforms Whether you re for them or against them, this hot debate refuses to go away. It s a great idea for school to have uniform because with uniform student can get the benefit of school. This can also bring out the positive impact of school dress code. Uniform is required because it bring out promotion for school safety. But there are others that don t think school you uniforms is required in public schools. Because of anti- individual s of freedom. Adding to that wearing school uniformRead MoreSchool Uniforms Should Be Public Schools968 Words   |  4 Pages School Uniforms Parents around the globe have emphasized the controversy over school uniforms. During the school year of 2011-2012, one in every five school required students to wear school uniforms. America s first documented schools to inaugurate uniforms were in Maryland and Washington. Throughout the previous years in America, there have been numerous disputes whether school uniforms should be in public schools. In the last 30 years, public schools have often been hostilely compared to privateRead MoreDress Code And Dress Codes1822 Words   |  8 Pages Do you go to a school with dress code? If not, would you want a dress code? How does a dress code make you feel? Those are questions that can rise because of a uniform/dress code in school. Dress code has been around for such a long time and it has changed a lot. Dress codes are present in many schools while some students enjoy it, some hate it, and some students don’t care, the hatred can lead to not being able to express yourselves, wh ile the enjoyment can be because of everyone being alike soRead MoreMemorandum Of Law In Support Of . Defendant’S Motion To1163 Words   |  5 PagesIN SUPPORT OF DEFENDANT’S MOTION TO DISMISS ARGUMENT The Motion to Dismiss should be allowed because Stacey Smith’s (â€Å"Plaintiff†) conduct does not constitute expression and the Board of Education of the Town of Douglassville’s (â€Å"Douglassville†) dress code is constitutional. Nonverbal conduct constitutes expression when there is intent to convey a particularized message through the conduct, and that particularized message is likely to be understood by others. Spence v. Washington, 418 U.S. 405, 410Read MorePersuasive Essay On Self Control1087 Words   |  5 Pagesknow will relate to how they meet new people the rest of their life. Every individual needs time outdoors for social interaction and exercise. Kids depend on Facebook and Snapchat to talk to their friends, but what happened to hanging out in person? Anti Socialism grows within the upcoming generations due to the very limited face-to-face interaction. â€Å" As a result, they have not fully developing the interpersonal communication skills they need to interact successfully in society,† (Castaidy and Collins)Read MorePros And Cons Of School Uniforms1206 Words   |  5 Pages School uniforms have been around for a long time in k-12th grades along with even some colleges, while most private schools have uniforms, now some public schools are trending toward uniforms as well. There are two sides to this argument, with pros and cons to both. I have interviewed Dale Patnode, Kelly Patnode and Patricia Patnode, they bring a first hand experience with what uniform show and what they do for students. Dale Patnode went to catholic schools throughout his whole life, experiencing

Mobile Learning and Multi Mobile Service in Higher Education free essay sample

Between laptops and mobile phone, mobile phones are still their early stages of teaching and learning environments. PDAs are frequently used with mobile wireless services, such as Short Message Service which is SMS according to Mauve, Scheele, Geyer (2001) and Multimedia Message Service. Some of the institutions of higher education have joined mobile wireless phones in their teaching and learning environments in order to improve their educations quality.According to Crescente and Lee (2011), The definition of M-Learning or Mobile Learning has many different meanings for different communities, that refer to another tool which are educational technology, E-Learning and distance education that is focused on learning across environments and learning with only using mobile devices. Besides that, mobile learning has various different meanings and it has many different names such as U-Learning, M-Learning, personalized learning, learning while mobile, anytime and anywhere learning, and han dheld learning. One definition of mobile learning is, any sort of learning that happens when the learner is not at a fixed, predetermined location, or learning that happens when the learner takes benefit of the learning chances offered by mobile technologies†. We will write a custom essay sample on Mobile Learning and Multi Mobile Service in Higher Education or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page So, with the use of mobile devices, learners can learn anywhere and at any time. Mobile learning is considered to be the ability to use mobile devices to assist teaching and learning.According to Singh (2010). Mobile learning is surely not merely the conjunction of ‘mobile and learning ‘which it has always indirectly meant mobile E-Learning. Besides that, its history and development have to be understood as both between a continuation of conventional E-Learning and a reaction to this conventional E-Learning and to its perceived insufficiencies and limitations. It is the mobile feature of mobile learning that makes it stand apart from other types of learning, learning experiences and specifically designing that exploit the chances that mobility can offer us. Furthermore, M-Learning also focuses on the flexibility of the learner and learning that reflects a focus on how society and its institutions can accommodate and support an increasingly mobile population and interacti ng with portable technologies. This is because mobile devices have features and for supporting learners. For example, podcasts of lectures can be made obtainable for downloading. Moreover, learners are to expect to engage with these learning resources at the same time as away from the traditional learning spaces. Over the past ten years, mobile learning has grown from a minor research interest to a set of significant projects in schools, workplaces, museums, cities and rural areas around the world. The M-Learning community is still fragmented, with different national perspectives, differences between academia and industry, and between the school, higher education and lifelong learning sectors

Students Name; Essays (232 words) - Robotics, Robot,

Student's Name; Professor's Name: Course: Date Robotics Robotics is one of the exciting innovation in disruptive technology. It matches with accomplished robots or robotics which have improved intelligence, senses and dexterity. These robotics can do assignments which were earlier considered to be too expensive or difficult automating. Robots are also used in industrial manufacturing such as, companies using robots to create car components, electronic products, and medical devices. Also, in packaging and food preparation application. Society could profit in many ways when it comes to these innovations. Individuals have already begun making utilization of robotic surgical frameworks, nanorobotics and robotic prosthetics and many more. Certainly, robotics merits its position among the most disruptive innovation of the twenty first Century. Robots have a positive impact to the society in such a way that, they can be sent by scientist to places where humans cannot go, for instance, bottom of ocean or deep space. A robot, by name Sojourner was sent by scientist to Mars to carry out an experiments. They also help human perform different tasks such as medical service tasks, packaging tasks etc. The negative impact is that Industrial robots end up replacing human labor leaving most people jobless because they reduce the requirement of human intervention in the processes that are automated. Links to Reliable Sources 1. https://www.theparliamentmagazine.eu/articles/opinion/robotics-heart- disruptive-technology 2. https://interlibnet.org/2016/11/17/disruptive-technology-robotics-and- artificial-intelligence/ 3. http://www.zdnet.com/article/what-is-robotic-software-anyway/

Hiding Behind the Words †Anthropology Research Paper (300 Level Course)

Hiding Behind the Words – Anthropology Research Paper (300 Level Course) Free Online Research Papers Hiding Behind the Words Anthropology Research Paper(300 Level Course) Within cultures across the world people express themselves and what their cultures stand for through song, stories, films, and poetry. Through her studies in the community of Awlad ‘Ali and in her book Veiled Sentiments, Lila Abu-Lughod interprets and describes the importance the poetry genre has in the Bedouin culture which exists there. Though poetry was not initially the focus for her ethnography, it became clear that it is an extremely important staple in Bedouin life that many anthropologists before her ignored or did not notice. This poetry or ghinnawa is used by the people of Awlad ‘Ali, especially women, in specific social contexts to describe private personal situations and close relationships. Ghinnawas are means to let out everything that must usually remain hidden during everyday social life, like the faces of these women, which also are hidden day to day. The ghinnawas are more than just little poems speckled throughout conversations and seeming to serve no purpose. As Abu-Lughod discovered after finally paying attention to the lines she constantly heard, they had a meaning and a purpose for those that spoke them. To the women of Awlad ‘Ali and other Bedouin cultures, they served to convey the hidden feelings possessed by them in a world where they must keep their emotions to themselves. Abu-Lughod found herself intimately related to the Awlad ‘Ali which allowed her to really concentrate on areas of inner social life rather than political ideas or other areas solely focused on by other main anthropologists covering the same types of people. Abu-Lughod ultimately was able to draw a clear relationship between Bedouin poetry and society. One of the most important discoveries made by Abu-Lughod was the fact that there was a â€Å"radical difference between the sentiments expressed in [the ghinnawas] and those expressed about the same situations in ordinary social interactions and conversations,†(Abu-Lughod 31). In other words, Bedouins joke and deny concern in personal matters and express anger in difficult situations making them seem defensive. All the while they express grief and actual feelings and sentiments in their lyrics that convey vulnerability and deep attachment to others. Some of the manners of expression for the Bedouins may be understood as more authentic. The significance of the poetry is especially clear in this situation for messages portrayed through the ghinnawas are deeply meaningful and culturally central. Messages conveyed in normal social situations may be misread making the poems â€Å"critical to an understanding of Awlad ‘Ali experience,† (Abu-Lughod 32). Abu-Lughod argues that the ghinnawas deepen understanding of central aspects of Bedouin culture. They express the way the culture really affects the individuals within the community as opposed to what the individuals say or are prompted to say about their lives. The ghinnawa is about feelings people have about situations and human relationships. Like most oral poetry though, ghinnawas tend to be formulaic and traditional but this does not restrain them from varying immensely in creativity and they are not limited by their formulas. According to Abu-Lughod, the range of sentiments is wide and the objects of these sentiments are varied (Abu-Lughod 183). Though this is true, two generalizations can still be made about the ghinnawas. First, the poetry tends to be negative and sad (this excludes ghinnawas sung at weddings and circumcision celebrations). Bedouins express the notion that when they are happy there is nothing to sing about. These people turn to poetry to help them through personal difficulties such as lost loves. An example taken from Veiled Sentiments shows this pain, â€Å"Tears increased, oh Lord†¦ the beloved came to mind in the time of sadness,†(Abu-Lughod 179). Ghinnawas are rarely happy and in Veiled Sentiments, an old man said, â€Å"I sing to soothe myself. Especially in times of trouble that is when you sing,† (Abu-Lughod 183). The second generalization to be made about ghinnawas is that nearly all of the poems Abu-Lughod heard had to do with sentiments arising from interpersonal relationships. The most common references were to romantic love relationships between men and women (Abu-Lughod 183). Lovers use ghinnawas as a language of love and communication. In the past lovers would exchange the poetry and as some do now but now the form is written rather than sung. It was most noted though that people sing the ghinnawas when in the presence of the same sex when the opposite is nowhere nearby. At these times, most people recite rather than sing the ghinnawas and they do so in the middle of conversations. In these informal situations, people tend to sing about themselves and they situations in life. Usually in the context of these situations, the speakers either recite comments about the situation or actual sentiments felt about the situation. When related to Abu-Lughod’s argument about the central aspe cts of Bedouin culture, we see that the expressions of the sentiments of personal life and intimacy are also discourses of defiance. A reason for this may spark from the need for people to be strong and invulnerable in public. Hearing someone share sentiments makes them appear weak. If we examine the ramifications this could have on Bedouin culture, weakness in public could represent a weakness when standing up to evil elements and succumbing to temptation. The possibility of this could spell disaster in a culture where the utmost purity and protection against evil is most highly valued. Defiance comes from the conscious descending of the speaker’s guard allowing things to possibly enter the mind and corrupt it. For the most part though, ghinnawas are not viewed as defiant and rather they are valued for their resourcefulness in sharing personal thoughts and feelings. Culturally, on a gender level and perhaps of most importance to Abu-Lughod’s argument is the idea that ghinnawas most benefit women in a society where they are not to be heard any more than they are seen, which is not much. From the start boys are more desirable and more highly valued in Bedouin society than girls. Girls are seen as necessary for help with a mother’s household work, companionship with the mother, later care in life and an emotionally close relationship. Unfortunately though, they are still not preferred to boys even by their emotionally close brothers for economically, the brothers are the woman’s social security. A daughter will eventually leave and belong to somebody else but a boy will provide and support the mother in the future. This secondary status placed on girls is â€Å"based on a kind of moral inferiority defined by the standards of the honor code by which individuals are measured,† (Abu-Lughod 123). According to Abu-Lughod, mal es and females are symbolically opposed in Bedouin thought. Being opposing forces and secondary in status only leaves women with the obligation to come second and leave their feelings and desires covered so that they may work and do as they are supposed to in front of and for men. In this society which demands a woman to remain hidden both physically and emotionally, ghinnawas are the perfect emotional outlet. Ghinnawas not only allow feelings to be conveyed to others, but they are done so in a manner that the poems can almost only be understood in the context by which they were spoken. Those that hear a poem will not really understand it until they know who it was that spoke it. Sometimes the speaker can be determined by the poem before she is actually revealed. Knowledge of the life of a woman and her experiences allows the analysis of the poetry given and her feelings depicted are understood as those she felt at the time of the situation. This is all while keeping in mind most poems are negative, thus the situations tend to be sad ones such as a lost love or death. The secrecy of understanding poems only in their contexts permits women to continue sharing sentiments in their own world that is lived in silence while in the presence of men. The main way to maintain this secrecy amongst the women though is to not even share their ghinnawas in front of men at all, for they are sacred amongst the women and are only shared within the female groups. In her early studies of the ghinnawas, the male leader’s wife scolds Abu-Lughod herself when she shared a woman’s poem with him and asked him to decipher it. She was told never to reveal women’s poetry to men (Abu-Lughod 27). A woman’s sentiments and body are to remain hidden in Bedouin society and Abu-Lughod really aims to express the value ghinnawas have culturally in a world where honor is given to those that shut themselves up and out from the polluting outer world. A woman that veils is raised to understand that purity and modesty is achieved and respected by protecting herself from the outer world which can possess evils and temptations. A woman who wears a veil is untouched and unseen making her desirable for she has established an honorable reputation as one who has not tempted others herself. If the woman were to expose herself to the elements, her soul and body would become vulnerable to the evils that lurk and her entire belief system could be sacrificed. This observation is highly linked to Abu-Lughod’s argument about the cultural importance of the ghinnawas. A woman who keeps her mouth closed and does not demonstrate any real feelings to upsetting situations is honored and revered as one who is strong. She also is not vulnerable to the elements for she can keep herself together for practical purposes. When work is to be done, there is no room or time to stop and lament a lost love. Thus, much like the veiling, sentiments are to remain hidden away. In this respect, we can understand how Abu-Lughod’s title Veiled Sentiments related to her argument. Ghinnawas are indeed just that, sentiments which are veiled or hidden from the main players in society and only revealed in more intimate circumstances such as around women who can associate and understand the emotions being experienced. Once one comprehends Abu-Lughod’s work it is understandable to concede that without ghinnawas, the Bedouin society would be a most cold, defensive, and shallow environment. Thus, it is of utmost importance for these short poems to exist so that the real members and the souls of Bedouin society can be seen rather than the decoys they consciously present. It becomes possible after hearing and analyzing ghinnawas to grasp a real understanding for the central aspects of Bedouin culture, which we cannot usually see such as the importance love and family. This is wonderfully argued and examined by Lila Abu-Lughod in her important book, Veiled Sentiments. Research Papers on Hiding Behind the Words - Anthropology Research Paper (300 Level Course)Analysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementHip-Hop is ArtRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenResearch Process Part OneThree Concepts of Psychodynamic19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeWhere Wild and West Meet

You Are The Judge Papers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

You Are The Judge Papers - Essay Example A counter-argument from Zoom would be that it was Corrigan who had manufactured the compass, which was faulty and so Daniel should bring an action against them. It is evident on the facts that the compass was faulty and so it wouldn’t be a cause of installation by Zoom. The argument is more than likely to succeed and would therefore leave the forum of Daniel bringing an action against Corrigan under privity of contract, the law of which will now be discussed. Daniel can argue that since this was a contract whereby he acquired the subject matter that is the compass along with the car, he can enforce the contract against Corrigan (Linden Gardens Trust v Lenesta Sludge). Clearly Daniel does not have any direct remedy against Corrigan and so would be able to bring an action against them. Furthermore, another option that would be available for Daniel would be an order by court requiring the rectification and performance of fault and accepting such breach (Snelling v. John G Snelling). Corrigan can argue that they had a contract with Zoom and they are accountable to them and so Zoom and not Daniel should bring an action for breach of contract forward. This is a strong argument, which has to be rebutted by the principles of privity of contract, which have been discussed above and so would allow a claim by Daniel against Corrigan. Another argument that can be stated by Corrigan would be of faulty installation by Zoom. However, it is evident from the fact that the compass itself was faulty and thus such an argument is likely to fail. Finally the problem that can arise is that of foreseeability. Corrigan would state that medical costs should not be allowed because of the fact that even though the compass was faulty it was clearly not foreseeable that such an act would lead to injury. This argument is more than likely to succeed as the situations that have led to the injury and medical costs were more than unlikely and therefore Daniel

Effect of Industrialization on the Environment Essay

Effect of Industrialization on the Environment - Essay Example It is this industrialization that has helped many countries to manufacture goods which were beyond human imagination (World Bank 1992 p.71). Industrialization was not only experienced in the developed countries but also in the undeveloped countries. Ever since the economies of countries have improved because of industrialization many countries are still striving hard to industrialize their states. It was noted that the rate of industrialization in Asia was even higher than the developed countries in the years of 1990 to 1995 (WHO 1997 p.130-132). However, these countries are not recognizing as to how much effects are they causing on the environment through industrialization. The health hazards and environmental pollution have become the least important of all aspects when it comes to industrialize an area. However, with growing concerns, it has been noticed that different countries all over the world have taken a stand so as to avoid any mishap. This essay would further analyze diffe rent effects of industrialization and environmental pollution on the society and the possible outcome of these effects. It would also put forward some measures through which their effects can be decreased. Environmental problems have had a negative effect on both a global and local scale due to the exhaust fumes from vehicles, factory emissions, cigarette smoking and the burning of waste and these problems would be discussed in detail in this essay (Vallero 2008, Goudie 2000 & Cooper 2001) As mentioned above industrialization has been of immense importance to the economies of many countries and because of this reason many countries have adopted the strategies of industrialization. Industrialization is causing a deteriorating effect on the environment of this earth and is also playing a great role in influencing the environmental pollution. Industrialization has also had some good effects on the society as it has improved the living standards of many.

European colonialism in the Gulf Region Essay Example for Free

European colonialism in the Gulf Region Essay It is recognized that the first resistance was the betrayal of pan-Arab nationalistic aspirations in order to spare western economic and political interests. It was in the year 1917, when the Ottomans allied themselves with the Germans against the French and British empires. In what Antonios (1938/1946). This was known as the â€Å"Arab Awakening, where there is a description of how Shareef Hussein of Mecca, allied themselves with the British and the French. They were also found revolting against the Ottomans. Similarly, they also helped put an end to a rule that continued for more than four centuries. This understanding was based on a treaty between Arabs and the Allies. This was a British promise made to Shareef Hussein a pan-Arab Meccan leader – where the Arabs were seen as a sovereign nation on the ruins of the Ottoman empire. Returning the gesture for this promise, the Arabs revolted against the Ottoman empire which has fallen under the control of the Young Turks. However, the Europeans had another agenda that they wanted to implement. They apparently had other plans for the region. had other plans for the region. Author Said (1993) notes that, the Arabs after liberating themselves from the Ottomans in 1917 and 1918, took British promises for independence as the literal truth(Said, 1993, p. 247). Antonios (1938/1946) describes what happened at the San Remo conference where British and French leaders changed the geography of the region: Whatever else may be said of the San Remo decisions [of spring 1920, in which the whole of the Arab Rectangle lying between the Mediterranean and the Persian frontier was to be placed under mandatory rule], they [allies meeting in San Remo] did violate the general principles proclaimed and the specific promises made by the Allies, and more particularly by Britain. The purport of the pledges given in secret is now known: with that the Arabs had come into the War and made their contribution and their sacrifices, and that fact alone sufficed to turn the corresponding obligation into a debt of honor. What the San Remo did was, in effect, to ignore the debt and come to decisions which, on all the essential points, an counter to the wishes of the peoples concerned (305-6). It was this San Remo agreement between the British and the French that placed the Arabs under their rule. This was to the cornerstone of the animosity between the two. This encouraged the British and thus the Arab-Israeli conflict happened for 65 years (Hourani, 1991). The British leaders also gave promises to the Arab leaders which became known as the Balfour Declaration. This gave Zionists the promise of having a home in Palestine. This betrayal by the West was sown deeply in the hearts of the Arabs. Thus, at the heart of the Arab nationalism is a story of betrayal and bitter disappointment. (Said 1981). Colonialism was no longer called as that. It came to be known as colonialism and more betrayal came as the Arabs were betrayed when a sudden control of Arabs by Muslim non-Arab Ottomans was replaced by the non-Muslim Europeans. The seriousness of this situation was enhanced by the fact that Arab activists were misled into helping assisting the Europeans in their own adoption of colonial rule. The British and French colonialists suppressed national movements within the olonized nations, silenced voices for national independence and self-determination and installed local puppet leaders to help suppress Arab populations in the newly created states. Colonialism is the act of one political state in influencing and exercising its power on a weaker nation, continuing to control its resources and the citizens of that country. In fact, it became a practice that extended far and wide by the powerful European states during the later half of the nineteenth century and most of these colonies were eventually granted its independence. However, the powerful nations exerted its influence as it created lasting impact on former colonies. Colonialism helped shape the world today. (Colonialism). Approximately 20 percent oil exports of the Persian Gulf pass through the port of Rotterdam, there is an awareness that the Dutch will have their economic importance in insuring that there will be a smooth flow of navigation through the waterway. Meanwhile, in Brussels, Prime Minister Wilfried Martens announced that Belgium will send two minesweepers and a support ship to the gulf. These ships will operate south and east of Qatar under British protection. This mission will last for four and a half months (Markham). The mission of the other frigates will be to protect Italian ships after a grenade attack happened on an Italian merchant ship. This was however, not a welcome move as the flotilla was sent â€Å"without enthusiasm. † Their contention is that there is no one who looks forward any military action in Italy. But the Goria government was obliged not only because of its European allies but also because of the demands from the socialist leader and former prime minister, Bettino Craxi. (Markham). Meanwhile, in Paris, Defense Minister Andre Giraud revealed that three minesweepers went to France on Aug. 17 with a support vessel that operated in the gulf of Oman. The minesweepers were dispatched on Aug. 11 and the French officials said they would be confined at Gulf of Aden, which is some 1,000 miles southwest of the Persian Gulf region. A French fleet at the Djibouti rarely penetrates the Persian Gulf and does not accompany French ships through the waterway. Military was not the only factor that influenced France to send its minesweepers to its fleet. Frances decision to add minesweepers to its fleet was not prompted solely by military considerations. It is considered that France and Iran have been at odds over an Iranian diplomat who had some knowledge about terrorism. It was on July 17 when France broke diplomatic relations with Iran, even as nine French diplomats are still hostages in the embassy in Teheran. (Markham). As one looks at the present European colonialism, it is worthwhile to examine the history of the European colonists in the past. The changes in European society began with a series of religious wars called the Crusades. From 1095 to about 1300, European Christians fought Muslims, people who believed in the religion of Islam. Christian fought to gain control of Jerusalem and other areas they believed were holy. The Crusades took Europeans to the Mediterranean area, northeast Africa, and southwest Asia. There they discovered Italian and Arab merchants in control of busy trade centers. These merchants traded spices, fine silks and gems from India, China and Japan. Word of these riches excited Europeans and they dreamed of trading with Asia themselves. Besides dreams of riches, Europeans had other reasons for wanting to open routes to Asia and Africa. They saw exploration as a way to spread Christianity. The Crusades had not won Jerusalem from the Muslims. However, Europeans had not lost their crusading spirit. They were certain that Christianity was the only true religion. Therefore, they believed it was their duty to convert all non-Christians to Christianity. With the spread of Islam in the seventh century AD, the Arab world came into the limelight. Soon enough, the Arabic language became the main communication of the Arabs who shared a sense of kinship with history. This paper looks into six Gulf States and the possibilities/risks/benefits that a Western company faces as it projects doing business in the Gulf regions. These nations include Qatar, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait and Oman. It will first analyze what a company needs to know before doing business in that region. To gauge this needs an overview of the region’s culture, government and society. Providing a framework of reference, the researcher will then delve into the possible risks that the company may face as well as its benefits. From there, the researcher hopes to identify which region is the most risky and most beneficial to enter into a business venture. Interspersed along the way are examples of companies who have already done business in the region so that the reader is afforded data on actual company experiences. (Doing Business in Qatar). The first oil discovery in Qatar occurred in 1939, which gave Qatar a per capita GDP equal to that of some West European industrialized nations. When this happened, there was a change in control and wealth into Qatar. The introduction of different policies in pricing showed the economic value of oil. Thus began the continuous flow of wealth into this small Kingdom. And what is unique to Qatar is that it is not only from oil but more recently from the massive natural gas reserves that is presently under development (Doing Business in Qatar). We are talking here of recoverable oil reserves of 15 to 23 billion barrels and natural gas reserves estimated to exceed 900 trillion cubic feet. And to think that a country that holds this wealth possess a population of less than a million people of whom just over 200,000 are Qatari citizens. Considering a small region, Qatar is also an excellent start-up market. Its social infrastructure and physical speed of development offer attractive prospects for countries interested in establishing its business in a great potential area. One can just imagine the immensity of its oil reserves when it is revealed that Qatar today holds oil and gas reserves that should last another 300 years. Qatar’s recent development has been closely aligned to the rise and fall of international oil prices This is because oil production represents about 85% of the country’s total income, 55% of its GDP and 70% of the government revenues. † (Doing Business in Qatar). During the Middle Ages, the Muslim countries of the Middle East had exerted its control of the East-West trade. But this dramatically changed in the fifteenth century. The Portuguese were able to make long journeys because they possessed hips with deep hulls that stood stable in high seas. They were able to go longer than the usual routes and = down the west coast of Africa until they found their way around the southern tip of the continent making contact with Muslim cities. Also in the East Africa, the Portuguese were able to get Arab navigators to take them across to India, where they settled themselves in Calicut on the Malabar Coast in the southwestern part of the country. (The Age of Colonialism. Qatar). Today, considered by many as interconnected with colonialism or as the new form of imperialism, globalisation pertains to â€Å"a process of increasing integration between units around the world. This definition encompasses nation-states, corporations, households, and other organizations. The concept of globalisation emerged from three forces for development, to wit: (1) the role of human migration, (2) international trade, and (3) rapid movements of capital and integration of financial markets (Wikipedia 2007). Cheung, citing an OECD paper, explained globalisation as follows: †¦ a shift from a world of distinct national economies to a global economy in which production is internationalized and financial capital flows freely nd instantly between countries and driven by the information revolution that has helped overcome national barriers so that even the framework of social policies affecting individual citizens is becoming more sensitive to international influences, including the global new media (as cited in Cheung 1997, p. 437). Written by John A. Hobson in 1902, imperialism is considered as a political-economic discourse. Essentially, this claimed that the quest for imperial expansion is motivated by explorations for new investment opportunities and markets from coast-to-coast. For Hobson, the â€Å"taproot of imperialism† is found in industrial oligarchy and not in nationalistic pride. He further averred that imperialism, in a capitalist society, â€Å"is a result of the maldistribution of wealth that created a desire to spread markets in search of profit† (Wikipedia 2007). Looking at the history of the western influence and the continuous political decisions of the West in Arab countries during the past century, it can be gleaned that this has set the stage for more tensions and distrust of the West by the Arab people. Many Arab national movements had adopted an anti-western political speech. The interests of the West have not jibed with that of the Gulf regions. (Alkadry). In the post-colonial period, the confrontation with the Arab with Europe was transformed into a confrontation between the Arabs and the United States. It was said that the Arabs in the post-colonial era were in one of three camps: â€Å"repressive regimes friendly to the United States, repressive regimes not friendly to the United States, and occupying regimes that are sustained economically and militarily by the United States. †

Factors to Childlessness :: Reproduction, Sweden

Factors associated with the trends in childlessness: (1000 words ) Trends in marriage, trends in formation of family—Drawing from the literature. Role of voluntary and involuntary factors (1000 words ) Is childlessness due to infertility or by circumstances or choice?- Drawing from the literature. The risk of childlessness is increased with the delay in the first birth. The reproduction span is also reduced and so is the number of children. Changes in educational level also leads to postpone ment of fertility.(Olah and Bernhardt 2008). High tolerance towards childless ness is found in the Post modern values dominant in Sweden propagate the importance of leisure and friends in life and children though considered important , are not needed for a fulfilling life (Olah and Bernhardt 2008). The tertiary educated women in Sweden is seen to have higher rates of childlessness than others(Olah and Bernhardt 2008 Sweden observed highest female labour force participation in Europe and was considered as the major reason for the fertility decline in 60s and 80s in Sweden along with the post modern values and contraception use which provided more control over childbearing to the women(Olah and Bernhardt 2008)) Contradictory to the above, Sweden , who is the forerunner in the second demographic transition, has observed the European highest and Sweden lowest fertility trends which have fluctuated greatly in 1960s and 70s (Olah and Bernhardt 2008).With the dominance of the post modern values in this increasingly secularised society, Sweden boasts of having one of the highest ideal family size in the European union and childlessness is relatively low (Olah and Bernhardt 2008). Sweden also has the highest amount of labour force participation in the entire Europe and the education among women is also as high as the men(Olah and Bernhardt 2008). There is an important role played by the family policies in Sweden in keeping the fertility level high, which are based on equality across social groups and gender (Olah and Bernhardt 2008). The eligibility to parental leave and other benefits is linked to the labour force attachments and thus the family policies play an important role in the changes in t he fertility rates(Ola and Bernhardt 2008). Some researchers attributes enhanced economic status and educational attainment have contributed in delays in marriage and childbearing and increases in divorce and single motherhood(Danziger and Ratner 2010) please refer more to source Claudia Goldin (2006) describes women’s enhanced engagement in the economy as the most remarkable change in the labour markets in the 20th century.

Computer games: Related literature Essay

Computer games are the second most frequently used application after social media (Wakoopa, and negative outcomes, especially with respect to aggression (see in Sherry, 2001; Elson & Ferguson, 2013a, 2013c; Ferguson, 2007). Although less than 4% to 5% of the users—adolescents and secondary school students—are addicted to video/computer game (Kuss & Griffiths, 2012), some of the authors expressed that computer game addiction is common in adolescence and this causes a cycle of moral panic (see the moral panic issue of computer games in Barnett & Coulson, 2010; Elson & Ferguson, 2013b; Ferguson, Coulson, & Barnett, 2011). Hellstrà ¶m et al. (2012) found using computer games for escapism and gaining status increased their negative effects and, in contrast, using games for fun and sociability decreased negative effects of games. 2012). Computer and online game play rates and sales are increasing every day (Entertainment Software Association, 2012). Computer and online games are preferred by a wide range of people ranging from children and adolescents to adults. Entertainment Software Association’s (2012) research showed that the average game player is 30 years old and 32% of the players are less than 18 years old. Players choose to play games for several reasons such as fun, recreation (Griffiths & Hunt, 1995; Kuss & Griffiths, 2012), coping with stress (Grusser, Thalemann, Albrecht, & Thalemann, 2005; Wood & Griffiths, 2007), sociability, gaining status (Hellstrà ¶m, Nilsson, Leppert, & Ã…slund, 2012), and escaping real life (Wan & Chiou, 2006; Wood, Griffiths, & Parke, 2007). Research on video and computer gaming literature reports both positive and negative effects on players. Fifty-two percent of the parents highlighted that computer game playing is positive and an important element of their children’s life (Entertainment Software Association, 2012). Thus, playing games promotes problem solving, visual, motor, and spatial skills and fosters interaction with friends outside of school (Boot, Kramer, Simons, Fabiani, & Gratton, 2008; Phillips, Rolls, Rouse, & Griffiths, 1995). Moreover, games may be effective educational tools and games relieve boredom and stress (Bowman & Tamborini, 2012). Despite the positive effects of playing computer games for adolescents, there are also negative effects,  especially addictive computer game playing (Witt, Massman, & Jackson, 2011). Researchers have been investigating whether computer games can cause time distortion (Rau, Peng, & Yang, 2006), inattention, hyperactivity (Chan & Rabinowitz, 2006), aggressive behavior (Ferguson, 2007), violent acts (Ferguson et al., 2008), and negative emotions (Chumbley & Griffiths, 2006). Furthermore, researchers are investigating whether there is an association between computer gaming and smoking, drug use, depression (Desai, Krishnan-Sarin, Cavallo, & Potenza, 2010), negative self-esteem, social anxiety and loneliness (Van Rooij, Schoenmakers, Vermulst, Van Den Eijnden, & Van De Mheen, 2011), introversion, sensation-seeking, neuroticism, low emotional intelligence (Kuss & Griffiths, 2012), and low well-being (Barnett & Coulson, 2010). Most of this work found correlations between games and negative outcomes, but there are also a lot of studies reporting no correlation or only weak correlations between games and negative outcomes, especially with respect to aggression (see in Sherry, 2001; Elson & Ferguson, 2013a, 2013c; Ferguson, 2007). Although less than 4% to 5% of the users—adolescents and secondary school students—are addicted to video/computer game (Kuss & Griffiths, 2012), some of the authors expressed that computer game addiction is common in adolescence and this causes a cycle of moral panic (see the moral panic issue of computer games in Barnett & Coulson, 2010; Elson & Ferguson, 2013b; Ferguson, Coulson, & Barnett, 2011). Hellstrà ¶m et al. (2012) found using computer games for escapism and gaining status increased their negative effects and, in contrast, using games for fun and sociability decreased negative effects of games.

Interview With Larry Reynolds, Owner Of Reynolds Lighting...

On September 15, 2015, I had an interview with Larry Reynolds, owner of Reynolds Lighting at exit seven. I know this man pretty well, considering this is my boyfriend’s grandfather. It took us about thirty to forty minutes to complete the interview. It took place at my boyfriend’s house. He was very intuitive and gave great answers to the questions that I had asked him. He has made a wonderful life for himself through this business. The information I had gathered from him is wonderful, so I will take some time to fill you in. When Larry was young before he started his first venture with business, he had â€Å"worked for other companies, and then after working at another lighting company for two and a half years, that is when I decided to try business on my own instead of working for someone else. I decided to create my own business, but what had gotten me to that point was that I had worked for other people and was unhappy† (L. Reynolds, personal communication, September 15, 2015). Working for other people could be hard because one may not agree with what his/her boss says or does. We as employees have to do what the bosses say, or else we could get fired for not doing our jobs. When running a business, there are obstacles that will have to be overcome. When Larry first started his business and got it running, he had a lot of things that he had to deal with. There were three things that Larry stated were things he had to overcome, and they are â€Å"One, financial, two,Show MoreRelatedHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 PagesCHAPTER 1 Changing Nature of Human Resource Management After you have read this chapter, you should be able to: ââ€"  Identify four major HR challenges currently facing organizations and managers. List and define each of the seven major categories of HR activities. Identify the three different roles of HR management. Discuss the three dimensions associated with HR management as a strategic business contributor. Explain why HR professionals and operating managers must view HR management as anRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesPlanning 116 Determining the Demand for Labor 117 Predicting the Future Labor Supply 117 Where Will We Find Workers? 118 Matching Labor Demand and Supply 118 Job Analysis 120 Job Analysis Methods 120 Observation Methods 120 Individual Interview Method 120 Group Interview Method 120 Structured Questionnaire Method 120 Technical Conference Method 120 Diary Method 121 Discipline and Employee Rights 97 What Is Discipline? 97 WORKPLACE ISSUES: Managers Should Be Prepared before Disciplining EmployeesRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesImportant in Cross-Cultural Negotiations† 462 glOBalization! Anger and Conflict Across Cultures 467 Self-Assessment Library What’s My Negotiating Style? 467 An Ethical Choice Using Empathy to Negotiate More Ethically 468 Point/Counterpoint Player–Owner Disputes Are Unnecessary 471 Questions for Review 472 Experiential Exercise A Negotiation Role-Play 472 Ethical Dilemma The Lowball Applicant 473 Case Incident 1 Choosing Your Battles 473 Case Incident 2 Mediation: Master Solution to Employment DisputesRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesfirms iii iv †¢ Preface rising from adversity. I have also brought back Ethical Mistakes, because I believe that organizations more than ever need to be responsive to society’s best interests. Altogether, this 11th edition brings seven new cases to replace seven that were deleted from the previous edition. Some of the cases are so current we continued updating until the manuscript left for the production process. We have tried to keep all cases as current as possible by using Postscripts,Read MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesthat he was forced to stand down by venture capitalist investor 3i were dismissed. Ministry’s 36-year-old Marketing Director, Mark Rodol, took over as chief executive and launched a strategic review of the whole business. Rodol commented on Palumbo’s exit: James is an entrepreneur – but what is going to make this business great is a focused, long-term brand strategy. To his credit James has had the foresight to step aside and let the people who understand and believe this run the company. It’s about